what are the characteristics of Cascading Style Sheets?

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  1. Err, possibly your question is a bit vague, but here goes: They cascade. They apply styles to XML / SGML / HTML / XHTML documents. You can read the spec at http://w3.org/TR/CSS2/
  2. question is a bit vague But if you are trying to ask why we use cascading style sheets... in my opinion it is a way to separate data from styling.
  3. CSS is used by both the authors and readers of web pages to define colors, fonts, layout, and other aspects of document presentation. It is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content (written in HTML or a similar markup language) from document presentation (written in CSS). This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentational characteristics, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content. CSS can also allow the same markup page to be presented in different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (when read out by a speech-based browser or screen reader) and on braille-based, tactile devices. Similarly, identical HTML or XML markup can be displayed in a variety of styles, liveries or color schemes by using different CSS. Advantages of using CSS include: Presentation information for an entire website or collection of pages can be held in one CSS file, allowing sweeping changes to be propagated with quick changes to this one file. Web browser software can store a copy of the CSS file in the computers cache, so that it doesn't have to be downloaded each time the user views a web page that references it. Different users can have different style sheets: for example a large text alternative for visually-impaired users, or a layout optimized for small displays for mobile phones. The document code is reduced in size and complexity, since it does not need to contain any presentational markup.
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